منابع مشابه
Adaptation of the Spore Discharge Mechanism in the Basidiomycota
BACKGROUND Spore discharge in the majority of the 30,000 described species of Basidiomycota is powered by the rapid motion of a fluid droplet, called Buller's drop, over the spore surface. In basidiomycete yeasts, and phytopathogenic rusts and smuts, spores are discharged directly into the airflow around the fungal colony. Maximum discharge distances of 1-2 mm have been reported for these fungi...
متن کاملThe microsporidian spore invasion tube. II. Role of calcium in the activation of invasion tube discharge
A swelling response by the polaroplast organelle initiated microsporidian invasion tube extrusions by Glugea hertwigi spores. The tumescence was induced by the displacement of internal calcium. Sodium citrate, phosphate, and the calcium ionophore A23187 were effective in initiating polaroplast swelling and spore discharge; however, the addition of external CaCl2 switched the expanded polaroplas...
متن کاملThe Fastest Flights in Nature: High-Speed Spore Discharge Mechanisms among Fungi
BACKGROUND A variety of spore discharge processes have evolved among the fungi. Those with the longest ranges are powered by hydrostatic pressure and include "squirt guns" that are most common in the Ascomycota and Zygomycota. In these fungi, fluid-filled stalks that support single spores or spore-filled sporangia, or cells called asci that contain multiple spores, are pressurized by osmosis. B...
متن کاملThe microsporidian spore invasion tube. IV. Discharge activation begins with pH-triggered Ca2+ influx
The microsporidian spore extrusion apparatus activates with a calcium influx from Spraguea lophii spore wall/plasma membrane; this influx requires preconditioning with an extrasporular shift in medium pH to the alkaline in the presence of the polyanions mucin or polyglutamate. Undischarged S. lophii spores display calcium bound to the wall/plasma membrane with a characteristic calcium-chlorotet...
متن کاملClostridium difficile Spore-Macrophage Interactions: Spore Survival
BACKGROUND Clostridium difficile is the main cause of nosocomial infections including antibiotic associated diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis and toxic megacolon. During the course of Clostridium difficile infections (CDI), C. difficile undergoes sporulation and releases spores to the colonic environment. The elevated relapse rates of CDI suggest that C. difficile spores has a mechanism(s) to ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science
سال: 1965
ISSN: 0036-8075,1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.148.3669.533